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The Eczema Guide

If you’ve got eczema, its ever-present itch may have you thinking you know it inside out. But what’s behind the itch? Let's learn about causes, care tips, and more.

What Is Eczema?

An estimated 1 in 10 individuals will develop eczema in their lifetime. So what is it?

Eczema isn't just "dry skin"— it’s the result of several factors, including a defective skin barrier, an overactive immune response, and a disrupted microbiome. Together, these lead to the hallmark symptoms of redness, itching, and irritation. Effective treatments aim to repair the barrier, calm the immune response, and restore balance to the skin's ecosystem.

Causes Of Eczema

Diagram showing how eczema's skin barrier is affected from extreme moisture loss increasing allergens and bacteria into the skin
Diagram showing how eczema's skin barrier is affected from extreme moisture loss increasing allergens and bacteria into the skin
Diagram showing how eczema's itch/scratch cycle stems from an overactive immune response increasing inflammation in skin
Diagram showing how eczema's itch/scratch cycle stems from an overactive immune response increasing inflammation in skin
Diagram showing the disrupted microbiome that occurs with eczema
Diagram showing the disrupted microbiome that occurs with eczema

Symptoms Of Eczema

Close-up photo of red, inflamed skin on an arm during an active eczema flare-up, showing characteristic redness and irritation
Close-up photo of red, inflamed skin on an arm during an active eczema flare-up, showing characteristic redness and irritation

Redness

Close-up photo of applying the Skin Recovery Cream to dry, scaly skin during an active eczema flare-up, showing signs of irritation
Close-up photo of applying the Skin Recovery Cream to dry, scaly skin during an active eczema flare-up, showing signs of irritation

Scaling

Close-up photo of a girl actively scratching irritated, flaky skin on her arm during an active eczema flare-up, showing characteristics like dry red patches
Close-up photo of a girl actively scratching irritated, flaky skin on her arm during an active eczema flare-up, showing characteristics like dry red patches

Flaking

Rashes

Severities of Eczema

MILD

Symptoms: Light redness, swelling, scaling, and scratching

Areas Affected: Small, localized patches of skin

MODERATE

Symptoms: Moderate redness, scaling, and swelling, more prominent scratch marks

Areas Affected: Widespread but not fully covering large areas of the body

SEVERE

Symptoms: Significant redness, significant swelling, deep scratch marks; the skin is highly inflamed & uncomfortable

Areas Affected: Affects larger areas of the body

VERY SEVERE

Symptoms: Intense, widespread redness, extreme swelling, deep and extensive scratching

Areas Affected: Covers most or all of the body